---
title: Just then the harp began singing again, and this was what it sang ou… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Just then the harp began singing again, and this was what it sang out loud and clear: Who acts: harp, this, hair. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack Hannaford, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# English Fairy Tales, Jack Hannaford, sentence 84

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Just then the harp began singing again, and this was what it sang out loud and clear:

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**Who acts:** harp, this, hair · **What happens:** begin, sing, be, sing out

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack Hannaford. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (harp, this, hair), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:13:84
# text = Just then the harp began singing again, and this was what it sang out loud and clear:
1	Just	just	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	harp	harp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	xcomp	_	_
7	again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	parataxis	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	out	out	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	loud	loud	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | the harp |  |  |  | then |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund | the harp *not said here* |  |  |  | again |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | past | this |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **sing out** *speech: express* | past | hair |  |  |  |  | loud, out *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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