---
title: and presented him with a sword and a belt, on which were written the… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: and presented him with a sword and a belt, on which were written these words embroidered in letters of gold: A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack the Giant-killer, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# English Fairy Tales, Jack the Giant-killer, sentence 1

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and presented him with a sword and a belt, on which were written these words embroidered in letters of gold:

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**What happens:** present, write, embroider, letter · **To what, where:** him, words, letters, gold

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack the Giant-killer. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:23:1
# text = and presented him with a sword and a belt, on which were written these words embroidered in letters of gold:
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	presented	present	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
13	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
15	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
16	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	embroidered	embroider	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **present** | past |  |  | him *= he* |  |  | with a sword and a belt | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent he=Recipient with sword=Theme |
| 2 | **write** | past · passive |  | this words |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: word=Theme on which=Destination |
| 3 | **embroider** | participle |  | this words *not said here* |  | letters of gold |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent in letter=Destination |
| 4 | **letter** |  |  | gold |  |  |  |  | nom letter «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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