---
title: “Oh, cousin Jack,” said the giant, “this is heavy news indeed! — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Oh, cousin Jack,” said the giant, “this is heavy news indeed! Who acts: cousin, this. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack the Giant-killer, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# English Fairy Tales, Jack the Giant-killer, sentence 56

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“Oh, cousin Jack,” said the giant, “this is heavy news indeed!

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**Who acts:** cousin, this · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** giant, heavy news · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack the Giant-killer. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cousin, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:23:56
# text = “Oh, cousin Jack,” said the giant, “this is heavy news indeed!
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	Jack	Jack	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	_
17	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: express* | past | cousin | the giant |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent giant=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | this | heavy news |  |  |  | indeed *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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