---
title: But Jack, running behind, drove his sword up to the hilt in the gian… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: But Jack, running behind, drove his sword up to the hilt in the giant's back, so that he fell down dead. Who acts: Jack. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack the Giant-killer, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# English Fairy Tales, Jack the Giant-killer, sentence 88

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But Jack, running behind, drove his sword up to the hilt in the giant's back, so that he fell down dead.

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**Who acts:** Jack · **What happens:** run behind, drive, sword up, fall down

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack the Giant-killer. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jack), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:23:88
# text = But Jack, running behind, drove his sword up to the hilt in the giant's back, so that he fell down dead.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	Jack	Jack	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	behind	behind	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	sword	sword	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	hilt	hilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	23	mark	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
24	down	down	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run behind** | gerund | Jack *not said here* |  |  |  |  | behind *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **drive** | past | Jack |  |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Result |
| 3 | **sword up** | infinitive | Jack *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the hilt in the giant's back | tree rules |
| 4 | **fall down** | past | Jack |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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