---
title: When he was old enough to play with the boys, and had lost all his o… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: When he was old enough to play with the boys, and had lost all his own cherry-stones, he used to creep into the bags of his playfellows, fill his pockets, and, getting out without their noticing him, would again join in the game. Who acts: Tom, pockets. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph 
---

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# English Fairy Tales, The History of Tom Thumb, sentence 14

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When he was old enough to play with the boys, and had lost all his own cherry-stones, he used to creep into the bags of his playfellows, fill his pockets, and, getting out without their noticing him, would again join in the game.

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**Who acts:** Tom, pockets · **What happens:** be, play, lose, use, creep, fill · **To what, where:** own cherry stones, bags, pockets, Tom

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The History of Tom Thumb. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tom, pockets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:28:14
# text = When he was old enough to play with the boys, and had lost all his own cherry-stones, he used to creep into the bags of his playfellows, fill his pockets, and, getting out without their noticing him, would again join in the game.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	boys	boy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
15	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	20	det:predet	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
17	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
18	cherry	cherry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	creep	creep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	into	into	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	playfellows	playfellow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
33	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	conj	_	_
34	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	pockets	pocket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
39	getting	get	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	advcl	_	_
40	out	out	ADP	RP	_	39	compound:prt	_	_
41	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	43	mark	_	_
42	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
43	noticing	notice	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	39	advcl	_	_
44	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
46	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	48	aux	_	_
47	again	again	ADV	RB	_	48	advmod	_	_
48	join	join	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	conj	_	_
49	in	in	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
51	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Tom |  |  |  |  | enough, old *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **play** | to-infinitive | Tom *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the boys | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with boy=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **lose** | past · perfect | Tom *not said here* | Tom's own cherry stones |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Eventuality |
| 4 | **use** | past | Tom |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **creep** | to-infinitive | Tom *not said here* |  |  | the bags of Tom's playfellows |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into bag=Destination |
| 6 | **fill** | infinitive | Tom *not said here* | Tom's pockets |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent pocket=Patient |
| 7 | **get out** | gerund | Tom *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn withdraw-82-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **notice** | gerund | pockets *= pocket* | Tom |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 9 | **join** | would | Tom *not said here* |  |  |  | again | in the game | vn cooperate-73.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in game=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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