---
title: I have also had to reduce the flatulent phraseology of the eighteent… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: I have also had to reduce the flatulent phraseology of the eighteenth-century chap-books, and to re-write in simpler style the stories only extant in “Literary” English. Who acts: I. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, _to My Dear Little May_, with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# English Fairy Tales, \_to My Dear Little May\_, sentence 41

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have also had to reduce the flatulent phraseology of the eighteenth-century chap-books, and to re-write in simpler style the stories only extant in “Literary” English.

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** have, reduce, re-write · **To what, where:** flatulent phraseology, simpler style

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, \_to My Dear Little May\_. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:3:41
# text = I have also had to reduce the flatulent phraseology of the eighteenth-century chap-books, and to re-write in simpler style the stories only extant in “Literary” English.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	reduce	reduce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	flatulent	flatulent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	phraseology	phraseology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
12	eighteenth	eighteenth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
15	chap	chap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	re-write	re-write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	simpler	simple	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	24	amod	_	_
24	style	style	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
27	only	only	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	extant	extant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	Literary	Literary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	31	punct	_	_
33	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **reduce** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | the flatulent phraseology of the chap books |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer phraseology=Patient |
| 3 | **re-write** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  | simpler style  the stories |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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