---
title: These have been relegated to the obscurity of small print and a back… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: These have been relegated to the obscurity of small print and a back place, while the little ones have been, perhaps unnecessarily, warned off them. Who acts: little ones. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, _to My Dear Little May_, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# English Fairy Tales, \_to My Dear Little May\_, sentence 49

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These have been relegated to the obscurity of small print and a back place, while the little ones have been, perhaps unnecessarily, warned off them.

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**Who acts:** little ones · **What happens:** relegate, be, warn off · **To what, where:** These, print

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, \_to My Dear Little May\_. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little ones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:3:49
# text = These have been relegated to the obscurity of small print and a back place, while the little ones have been, perhaps unnecessarily, warned off them.
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	relegated	relegate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	obscurity	obscurity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	print	print	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
20	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	been	be	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	unnecessarily	unnecessarily	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
27	off	off	ADP	RP	_	26	compound:prt	_	_
28	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **relegate** | present · perfect · passive |  | These |  |  |  | to the obscurity of small print and a back place | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | present · perfect | the little ones |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **warn off** *speech: warn* | past |  |  | print |  |  | unnecessarily *property* | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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