---
title: But Johnny-cake outran all three a long way, and was soon out of sig… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: But Johnny-cake outran all three a long way, and was soon out of sight, while they had to sit down, all out of breath, on a bank to rest. Who acts: hoes. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Lazy Jack, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# English Fairy Tales, Lazy Jack, sentence 41

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But Johnny-cake outran all three a long way, and was soon out of sight, while they had to sit down, all out of breath, on a bank to rest.

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**Who acts:** hoes · **What happens:** be, have, sit down, rest · **To what, where:** sight, all, bank

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Lazy Jack. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hoes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:34:41
# text = But Johnny-cake outran all three a long way, and was soon out of sight, while they had to sit down, all out of breath, on a bank to rest.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	Johnny	Johnny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	outran	outran	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
14	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	17	advmod	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
20	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
24	down	down	ADP	RP	_	23	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	23	obl	_	_
27	out	out	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	on	on	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	rest	rest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  | sight |  | soon *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | past | hoes *= hoe* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sit down** | to-infinitive | hoes *= hoe* *not said here* | all |  | a bank |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on bank=Location |
| 4 | **rest** | to-infinitive | hoes *= hoe* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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