---
title: On went Johnny-cake, and by-and-by he came to two well-diggers who l… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: On went Johnny-cake, and by-and-by he came to two well-diggers who looked up from their work and called out: “Where ye going, Johnny-cake?” Who acts: Johnny, diggers, ye, hoes. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Lazy Jack, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# English Fairy Tales, Lazy Jack, sentence 42

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On went Johnny-cake, and by-and-by he came to two well-diggers who looked up from their work and called out: “Where ye going, Johnny-cake?”

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**Who acts:** Johnny, diggers, ye, hoes · **What happens:** go, come, look up, call out, work · **To what, where:** Johnny cake, diggers, two, work · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Lazy Jack. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Johnny, diggers, ye, hoes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:34:42
# text = On went Johnny-cake, and by-and-by he came to two well-diggers who looked up from their work and called out: “Where ye going, Johnny-cake?”
1	On	on	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Johnny	Johnny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
8	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	obl	_	_
17	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	diggers	digger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
20	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	up	up	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	_
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	acl	_	_
28	out	out	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
30	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	33	advmod	_	_
32	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nsubj	_	_
33	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
35	Johnny	Johnny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	33	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past |  | Johnny cake |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cake=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | past | Johnny | diggers |  | two |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to two=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **look up** | past | diggers |  |  |  |  | from hoes's work | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent from work=Theme |
| 4 | **call out** *speech: ask* | participle |  | hoes's work *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **go** *in a quote* | gerund | ye | Johnny cake |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **work** |  | hoes *= hoe* |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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