---
title: All the company laughed at Dick's odd venture; and Miss Alice, who f… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: All the company laughed at Dick's odd venture; and Miss Alice, who felt pity for him, gave him some money to buy another cat. Who acts: company, Miss, Dick. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Whittington and His Cat, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# English Fairy Tales, Whittington and His Cat, sentence 42

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All the company laughed at Dick's odd venture; and Miss Alice, who felt pity for him, gave him some money to buy another cat.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** company, Miss, Dick · **What happens:** laugh, feel, give, buy, venture · **To what, where:** odd venture, pity, money, Dick, cat

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Whittington and His Cat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (company, Miss, Dick), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:37:42
# text = All the company laughed at Dick's odd venture; and Miss Alice, who felt pity for him, gave him some money to buy another cat.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	Dick	Dick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	odd	odd	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	venture	venture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Miss	Miss	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
13	Alice	Alice	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
17	pity	pity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	iobj	_	_
23	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	24	det	_	_
24	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	advcl	_	_
27	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	28	det	_	_
28	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | past | all company |  |  | Dick's odd venture |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **feel** | past | Miss | pity |  |  |  | for Dick | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent pity=Location for he=Theme |
| 3 | **give** | past | Miss *not said here* | some money | Dick |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient money=Theme |
| 4 | **buy** | to-infinitive | Miss *not said here* | another cat |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Theme |
| 5 | **venture** |  | Dick |  |  |  |  |  | nom venture «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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