---
title: And to his dismay, he found that his son would wed a lowly maid that… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And to his dismay, he found that his son would wed a lowly maid that had just been born in a house under the shadow of York Minster. Who acts: boy, son. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Fish and the Ring, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# English Fairy Tales, The Fish and the Ring, sentence 3

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And to his dismay, he found that his son would wed a lowly maid that had just been born in a house under the shadow of York Minster.

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**Who acts:** boy, son · **What happens:** find, wed, bear, dismay, shadow · **To what, where:** lowly maid, house, York · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Fish and the Ring. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:41:3
# text = And to his dismay, he found that his son would wed a lowly maid that had just been born in a house under the shadow of York Minster.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	dismay	dismay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	wed	wed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	lowly	lowly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	maid	maid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
18	just	just	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl:relcl	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	under	under	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	York	York	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	Minster	Minster	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | boy |  |  |  |  | to boy's dismay | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **wed** | would | boy's son | a lowly maid |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent maid=Patient |
| 3 | **bear** | past · perfect · passive |  | a lowly maid |  | a house |  | under the shadow of York | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **dismay** |  | boy |  |  |  |  |  | nom dismay «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **shadow** |  |  | York |  |  |  |  | nom shadow «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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