--- title: The lad and the maiden were fast friends and true loves; but when Ja… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: The lad and the maiden were fast friends and true loves; but when Jack asked his father's leave to marry the girl, “Never till you have the money to keep her,” was the reply. Who acts: lad, Jack, you. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Ass, the Table, and the Stick, with its d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/45/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [English Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/) / [The Ass, the Table, and the Stick](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/45/) / 13 # English Fairy Tales, The Ass, the Table, and the Stick, sentence 13 The lad and the maiden were fast friends and true loves; but when Jack asked his father's leave to marry the girl, “Never till you have the money to keep her,” was the reply. **Who acts:** lad, Jack, you · **What happens:** be, love, ask, marry, not have, keep · **To what, where:** fast friends, leave, girl, money, widow, reply · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Ass, the Table, and the Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lad, Jack, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg7439:45:13 # text = The lad and the maiden were fast friends and true loves; but when Jack asked his father's leave to marry the girl, “Never till you have the money to keep her,” was the reply. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 lad lad NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 maiden maiden NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 6 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 7 fast fast ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 friends friend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 10 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 loves love VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 but but CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 14 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 16 advmod _ _ 15 Jack Jack PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 asked ask VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 17 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 19 's 's PART POS _ 18 case _ _ 20 leave leave NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 21 to to PART TO _ 22 mark _ _ 22 marry marry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 ccomp _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 girl girl NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 26 “ " PUNCT `` _ 40 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 27 Never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 30 advmod _ _ 28 till till SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 29 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 advcl _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj _ _ 33 to to PART TO _ 34 mark _ _ 34 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 32 acl _ _ 35 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 37 ” " PUNCT '' _ 30 punct _ _ 38 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 reply reply NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 41 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | the lad and the maiden | fast friends | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **love** | present | the lad and the maiden *not said here* | | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | Jack | Jack's father's leave | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent leave=Recipient clause=Topic | | 4 | **marry** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | the girl and the reply | | | | | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent girl=Patient | | 5 | **not** **have** *in a quote* | present | you | the money | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient | | 6 | **keep** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | widow | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme | | 7 | **be** *speech: assert* | past | | the reply | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/45/12/) - next →: [sentence 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/45/14/) - ↑ back to [The Ass, the Table, and the Stick](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/45/)