---
title: M. Gaston Paris has a monograph on “Tom Thumb.” — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: M. Gaston Paris has a monograph on “Tom Thumb.” Who acts: M.. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XXV. Tom Thumb., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/75/8/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [English Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/) / [XXV. Tom Thumb.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/75/) / 8

# English Fairy Tales, XXV. Tom Thumb., sentence 8

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
M. Gaston Paris has a monograph on “Tom Thumb.”

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** M. · **What happens:** have · **To what, where:** monograph, Tom Thumb

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XXV. Tom Thumb.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (M.), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:75:8
# text = M. Gaston Paris has a monograph on “Tom Thumb.”
1	M.	M.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	Gaston	Gaston	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	Paris	Paris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	monograph	monograph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Thumb	Thumb	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | M. | a monograph |  | Tom Thumb |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent monograph=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/75/7/)
- next →: [XXVI. Mr. Fox., 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/76/1/)
- ↑ back to [XXV. Tom Thumb.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/75/)