---
title: _Source_.--From memory of Mrs. B. Abrahams, who heard it from her mo… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: _Source_.--From memory of Mrs. B. Abrahams, who heard it from her mother some _x_ years ago (more than 40). Who acts: memory. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XXX. Mr. Miacca., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# English Fairy Tales, XXX. Mr. Miacca., sentence 1

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\_Source\_.--From memory of Mrs. B. Abrahams, who heard it from her mother some \_x\_ years ago (more than 40).

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**Who acts:** memory · **What happens:** hear · **To what, where:** memory

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XXX. Mr. Miacca.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (memory), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:80:1
# text = _Source_.--From memory of Mrs. B. Abrahams, who heard it from her mother some _x_ years ago (more than 40).
1	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.--	.--	PUNCT	NFP	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	From	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	Mrs.	Mrs.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	B.	B.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Abrahams	abraham	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	22	det	_	_
19	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	x	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	20	punct	_	_
22	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl:unmarked	_	_
23	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
24	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	27	advmod	_	_
26	than	than	ADP	IN	_	25	fixed	_	_
27	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | memory of B. Abrahams | memory |  |  |  | from her mother | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent it=Topic from mother=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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