---
title: Owing to the extremely idiomatic form and severe compression of Tibe… — Folk tales from Tibet · tree and pragmatics
description: Owing to the extremely idiomatic form and severe compression of Tibetan metrical compositions, the translation of these songs into anything even distantly resembling poetry, without altogether destroying the characteristics of the original, presents peculiar difficulties; and I must crave indulgence
---

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# Folk tales from Tibet, Opening, sentence 32

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Owing to the extremely idiomatic form and severe compression of Tibetan metrical compositions, the translation of these songs into anything even distantly resembling poetry, without altogether destroying the characteristics of the original, presents peculiar difficulties; and I must crave indulgence for their crudeness and lack of artistic finish.

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**Who acts:** Owing, I, songs · **What happens:** owe, resemble, destroy, present, crave, compress · **To what, where:** anything, poetry, characteristics, peculiar difficulties, indulgence, Tibetan metrical compositions

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Owing, I, songs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75000:1:32
# text = Owing to the extremely idiomatic form and severe compression of Tibetan metrical compositions, the translation of these songs into anything even distantly resembling poetry, without altogether destroying the characteristics of the original, presents peculiar difficulties; and I must crave indulgence for their crudeness and lack of artistic finish.
1	Owing	owe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	36	csubj	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	extremely	extremely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	idiomatic	idiomatic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	severe	severe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	compression	compression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	Tibetan	Tibetan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
12	metrical	metrical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	compositions	composition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
19	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
20	into	into	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obl	_	_
22	even	even	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
23	distantly	distantly	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	resembling	resemble	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
25	poetry	poetry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
28	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	destroying	destroy	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	conj	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	original	original	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
36	presents	present	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
37	peculiar	peculiar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	compound	_	_
38	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	43	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
41	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
42	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
43	crave	crave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	conj	_	_
44	indulgence	indulgence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obj	_	_
45	for	for	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
47	crudeness	crudeness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
49	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	conj	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	artistic	artistic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	52	amod	_	_
52	finish	finish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	36	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** | gerund |  |  |  | anything |  | to the idiomatic form and severe compression of Tibetan metrical compositions and the translation of this songs *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to form=Goal |
| 2 | **resemble** | gerund |  | poetry |  |  |  | distantly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **destroy** | gerund |  | the characteristics of the original |  |  |  | altogether *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent characteristic=Patient |
| 4 | **present** | present | Owing | peculiar difficulties |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent difficulty=Theme |
| 5 | **crave** | must | I | indulgence |  |  |  | for SONGS's crudeness and lack of artistic finish | vn want-32.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot indulgence=Theme |
| 6 | **compress** |  |  | Tibetan metrical compositions |  |  |  |  | nom compression «event transitive»: of=patient |
| 7 | **translate** |  | this songs |  |  |  |  |  | nom translation «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
| 8 | **lack** |  |  | artistic finish |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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