---
title: So saying, he opened his mouth, and gave forth a series of fearful r… — Folk tales from Tibet · tree and pragmatics
description: So saying, he opened his mouth, and gave forth a series of fearful roars; and in a few minutes the whole jungle seemed to be full of Tigers, hastening up from all directions. Who acts: Tiger, whole jungle. A sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Mouse’s 
---

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# Folk tales from Tibet, The Mouse’s Three Children., sentence 40

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So saying, he opened his mouth, and gave forth a series of fearful roars; and in a few minutes the whole jungle seemed to be full of Tigers, hastening up from all directions.

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**Who acts:** Tiger, whole jungle · **What happens:** say, open, give, seem, be, hasten up · **To what, where:** mouth, series, directions · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Mouse’s Three Children.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tiger, whole jungle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75000:13:40
# text = So saying, he opened his mouth, and gave forth a series of fearful roars; and in a few minutes the whole jungle seemed to be full of Tigers, hastening up from all directions.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	series	series	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	fearful	fearful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	roars	roar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	jungle	jungle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
26	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
28	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	cop	_	_
29	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	xcomp	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Tigers	Tiger	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
33	hastening	hasten	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	26	xcomp	_	_
34	up	up	ADP	RP	_	33	compound:prt	_	_
35	from	from	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	37	det	_	_
37	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Tiger *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **open** | past | Tiger | Tiger's mouth |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mouth=Theme |
| 3 | **give** | past | Tiger *not said here* | a series of fearful roars |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent series=Theme |
| 4 | **seem** | past | the whole jungle |  |  |  | minute |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 5 | **is** | to-infinitive | the whole jungle *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of Tigers; full *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **hasten up** | gerund | the whole jungle *not said here* |  |  | all directions |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from direction=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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