---
title: This, however, the Lama always sternly refused to do, and forbade hi… — Folk tales from Tibet · tree and pragmatics
description: This, however, the Lama always sternly refused to do, and forbade his Servant on any account to destroy the life of a living being. Who acts: This. A sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Lama’s Servant., with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of the Lama’s Servant., sentence 8

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This, however, the Lama always sternly refused to do, and forbade his Servant on any account to destroy the life of a living being.

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**Who acts:** This · **What happens:** refuse, not do, forbid, destroy · **To what, where:** Servant, account, life

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Lama’s Servant.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75000:19:8
# text = This, however, the Lama always sternly refused to do, and forbade his Servant on any account to destroy the life of a living being.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	however	however	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Lama	lama	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	9	advmod	_	_
8	sternly	sternly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	forbade	forbid	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	Servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	19	det	_	_
19	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	advcl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refuse** | past | This |  |  |  |  | the Lama *nsubj*; always, however, sternly *property* | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **do** | to-infinitive | This *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **forbid** | past | This *not said here* | Lama's Servant |  | any account |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer servant=Theme |
| 4 | **destroy** | to-infinitive | This *not said here* | the life of a living |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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