---
title: The poor Boy was greatly alarmed at hearing these words, and having… — Folk tales from Tibet · tree and pragmatics
description: The poor Boy was greatly alarmed at hearing these words, and having no weapon himself he was completely at the old man’s mercy. Who acts: Boy. A sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, How He Dislodged the Spider., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics o
---

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# Folk tales from Tibet, How He Dislodged the Spider., sentence 45

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The poor Boy was greatly alarmed at hearing these words, and having no weapon himself he was completely at the old man’s mercy.

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**Who acts:** Boy · **What happens:** alarm, hear, have, be · **To what, where:** poor Boy, words, weapon, mercy

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, How He Dislodged the Spider.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75000:24:45
# text = The poor Boy was greatly alarmed at hearing these words, and having no weapon himself he was completely at the old man’s mercy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Boy	Boy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	alarmed	alarm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	hearing	hear	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	_
14	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	15	det	_	_
15	weapon	weapon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	13	obl	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
19	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	’s	's	PART	POS	_	23	case	_	_
25	mercy	mercy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alarm** | past · passive |  | the poor Boy |  |  |  | greatly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **hear** | gerund |  | this words |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus |
| 3 | **have** | gerund |  | no weapon |  |  |  | Boy *obl* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weapon=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | past | Boy |  |  | the old man's mercy |  | the old man *nmod:poss*; completely *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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