---
title: The noise of the trumpet frightened the horse, which, after giving o… — Folk tales from Tibet · tree and pragmatics
description: The noise of the trumpet frightened the horse, which, after giving one or two preliminary plunges, dashed off down the hill at full gallop straight towards the enemy’s camp. Who acts: noise, trumpet. A sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, How He Defeated th
---

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# Folk tales from Tibet, How He Defeated the Enemy., sentence 7

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The noise of the trumpet frightened the horse, which, after giving one or two preliminary plunges, dashed off down the hill at full gallop straight towards the enemy’s camp.

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**Who acts:** noise, trumpet · **What happens:** frighten, give, dash off, noise · **To what, where:** horse, one preliminary plunges, camp

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, How He Defeated the Enemy.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (noise, trumpet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75000:25:7
# text = The noise of the trumpet frightened the horse, which, after giving one or two preliminary plunges, dashed off down the hill at full gallop straight towards the enemy’s camp.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trumpet	trumpet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	frightened	frighten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	giving	give	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	conj	_	_
17	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	plunges	plunge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	dashed	dash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
21	off	off	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	_
22	down	down	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
25	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	gallop	gallop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
29	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	’s	's	PART	POS	_	31	case	_	_
33	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **frighten** | past | the noise of the trumpet | the horse |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus horse=Experiencer |
| 2 | **give** | gerund | the noise of the trumpet *not said here* | one preliminary plunges |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plunge=Theme |
| 3 | **dash off** | participle |  | one preliminary plunges *not said here* |  | the enemy's camp |  | down the hill at full gallop | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards camp=Destination |
| 4 | **noise** |  | the trumpet |  |  |  |  |  | nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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