---
title: The old animal had a wrinkled skin and a small and bleary eye, and b… — Folk tales from Tibet · tree and pragmatics
description: The old animal had a wrinkled skin and a small and bleary eye, and behind its huge ears were many cuts and ancient scars, showing where the goad had been so frequently applied. Who acts: old animal. A sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Ti
---

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# Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of the Tiger and the Man., sentence 35

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old animal had a wrinkled skin and a small and bleary eye, and behind its huge ears were many cuts and ancient scars, showing where the goad had been so frequently applied.

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**Who acts:** old animal · **What happens:** have, wrinkle, be, show, apply · **To what, where:** wrinkled skin, huge ears, many cuts, goad

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Tiger and the Man.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75000:3:35
# text = The old animal had a wrinkled skin and a small and bleary eye, and behind its huge ears were many cuts and ancient scars, showing where the goad had been so frequently applied.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	wrinkled	wrinkle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	bleary	bleary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
20	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	cuts	cut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	scars	scar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	showing	show	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
28	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	35	advmod	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	goad	goad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
31	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
32	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	35	aux:pass	_	_
33	so	so	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
34	frequently	frequently	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	applied	apply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the old animal | a wrinkled skin and a small eye |  | eye's huge ears and many cuts and ancient scars |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient |
| 2 | **wrinkle** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | past | the old animal *not said here* | many cuts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **show** | gerund | the old animal *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **apply** | past · perfect · passive |  | the goad |  |  |  | frequently *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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