---
title: Here they halted, and, laying him down upon the ground, they began t… — Folk tales from Tibet · tree and pragmatics
description: Here they halted, and, laying him down upon the ground, they began to make preparations for cutting his throat. Who acts: robbers. A sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Foolish Young Mussulman., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of the Foolish Young Mussulman., sentence 88

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Here they halted, and, laying him down upon the ground, they began to make preparations for cutting his throat.

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**Who acts:** robbers · **What happens:** halt, lay down, begin, make, cut · **To what, where:** Boy, ground, preparations, throat

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This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Foolish Young Mussulman.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (robbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75000:7:88
# text = Here they halted, and, laying him down upon the ground, they began to make preparations for cutting his throat.
1	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	halted	halt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	laying	lay	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	down	down	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
10	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	preparations	preparation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
19	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
20	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **halt** | past | robbers *= robber* |  |  | here |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **lay down** | gerund | robbers *= robber* *not said here* | Boy |  | the ground |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme upon ground=Destination |
| 3 | **begin** | past | robbers *= robber* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive | robbers *= robber* *not said here* | preparations |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset preparation=Product |
| 5 | **cut** | gerund | robbers *= robber* *not said here* | Boy's throat |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset throat=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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