---
title: I have had to work very hard from early morning till late at night. — Gleanings from Chinese folklore · tree and pragmatics
description: I have had to work very hard from early morning till late at night. Who acts: I. A sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Literary Glory, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Literary Glory, sentence 22

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I have had to work very hard from early morning till late at night.

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** have, work · **To what, where:** early morning till

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This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Literary Glory. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75089:13:22
# text = I have had to work very hard from early morning till late at night.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	till	till	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  | early morning till | night | hard *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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