---
title: After much searching in the fields and at the near villages, they de… — Gleanings from Chinese folklore · tree and pragmatics
description: After much searching in the fields and at the near villages, they decided that he must have been taken captive and carried to the robbers’ stronghold in the mountains. Who acts: villages. A sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Daughter of the Present, with its dep
---

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# Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Daughter of the Present, sentence 11

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After much searching in the fields and at the near villages, they decided that he must have been taken captive and carried to the robbers’ stronghold in the mountains.

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**Who acts:** villages · **What happens:** decide, take, carry · **To what, where:** Lee, stronghold · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Daughter of the Present. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (villages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75089:15:11
# text = After much searching in the fields and at the near villages, they decided that he must have been taken captive and carried to the robbers’ stronghold in the mountains.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	searching	searching	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	near	near	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	decided	decide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
17	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
18	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux	_	_
19	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	ccomp	_	_
21	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	xcomp	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	conj	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	robbers	robber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	’	's	PART	POS	_	26	case	_	_
28	stronghold	stronghold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | past | villages *= village* |  |  |  | after much searching in the fields and the near villages |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **take** | must · perfect · passive |  | Lee |  |  |  | captive *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Destination |
| 3 | **carry** | participle |  |  |  | the robbers's stronghold in the mountains |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to stronghold=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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