---
title: Thus driven, he cut his head off, and the monkey, changing to a dog,… — Gleanings from Chinese folklore · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus driven, he cut his head off, and the monkey, changing to a dog, ran away with it and was gone two hours,—so long that the man died also. Who acts: Hou, man. A sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, T’ang Sung’s Journey to Get the Buddhist Classics, with its depen
---

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# Gleanings from Chinese folklore, T’ang Sung’s Journey to Get the Buddhist Classics, sentence 89

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Thus driven, he cut his head off, and the monkey, changing to a dog, ran away with it and was gone two hours,—so long that the man died also.

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**Who acts:** Hou, man · **What happens:** drive, cut off, change, run away, be, die · **To what, where:** head

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This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, T’ang Sung’s Journey to Get the Buddhist Classics. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hou, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75089:16:89
# text = Thus driven, he cut his head off, and the monkey, changing to a dog, ran away with it and was gone two hours,—so long that the man died also.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	changing	change	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
20	away	away	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	_
26	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	nummod	_	_
27	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	so	so	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	conj	_	_
32	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	35	mark	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
35	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	advcl	_	_
36	also	also	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | participle | Hou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cut off** | past | Hou | Hou's head |  |  |  | the monkey *obl*; thus *property* | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector head=Eventuality |
| 3 | **change** | gerund | Hou *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to a dog *result* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Agent to dog=Result |
| 4 | **run away** | past |  |  |  |  |  | with head; away *property* | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent with it=Material |
| 5 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  | hour | gone *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **die** | past | the man |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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