---
title: “Who are you, and how do you dare to come into this inner court?” an… — Gleanings from Chinese folklore · tree and pragmatics
description: “Who are you, and how do you dare to come into this inner court?” and then turning to a servant, she said, “Call your master.” Who acts: you, Yü. A sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 1, sentence 59

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Who are you, and how do you dare to come into this inner court?” and then turning to a servant, she said, “Call your master.”

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**Who acts:** you, Yü · **What happens:** be, dare, come, turn, say, call · **To what, where:** you, inner court, servant, master · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Yü), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75089:17:59
# text = “Who are you, and how do you dare to come into this inner court?” and then turning to a servant, she said, “Call your master.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
8	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	dare	dare	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
15	inner	inner	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	21	advmod	_	_
21	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	conj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	Call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	ccomp	_	_
31	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	30	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | you |  |  |  | Who *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **dare** *in a quote* | present · do-support | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **come** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | this inner court |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into court=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **turn** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  | a servant | then |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to servant=Trajectory |
| 5 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | Yü |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **call** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | your master |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent master=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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