---
title: Years passed; Yü Yüch Ying’s parents died, after great reverses and… — Gleanings from Chinese folklore · tree and pragmatics
description: Years passed; Yü Yüch Ying’s parents died, after great reverses and reduced to poverty, all by their powerful enemy. Who acts: Years, parents. A sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

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# Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 2, sentence 8

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Years passed; Yü Yüch Ying’s parents died, after great reverses and reduced to poverty, all by their powerful enemy.

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**Who acts:** Years, parents · **What happens:** pass, die, reduce · **To what, where:** poverty

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This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Years, parents), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75089:18:8
# text = Years passed; Yü Yüch Ying’s parents died, after great reverses and reduced to poverty, all by their powerful enemy.
1	Years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
4	Yü	Yü	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Yüch	Yüch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Ying	Ying	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	’s	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	reverses	reverse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	reduced	reduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	poverty	poverty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	all	all	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
22	powerful	powerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | Years |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **die** | past | Yüch Ying's parents |  |  |  | after great reverses and parents's powerful enemy |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **reduce** | participle | Yüch Ying's parents *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to poverty *goal* | vn limit-76 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer to poverty=Goal |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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