---
title: In the spring the grass sends up its shoots; autumn comes and the le… — Gleanings from Chinese folklore · tree and pragmatics
description: In the spring the grass sends up its shoots; autumn comes and the leaves fall. Who acts: grass, autumn, leaves. A sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 4, sentence 27

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In the spring the grass sends up its shoots; autumn comes and the leaves fall.

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**Who acts:** grass, autumn, leaves · **What happens:** send up, come, fall · **To what, where:** shoots

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This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grass, autumn, leaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75089:20:27
# text = In the spring the grass sends up its shoots; autumn comes and the leaves fall.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	sends	send	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	shoots	shoot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send up** | present | the grass | grass's shoots |  |  | spring |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoot=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | present | autumn |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **fall** | present | the leaves |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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