---
title: You must not cause him to weep, and be sad, because of your living i… — Gleanings from Chinese folklore · tree and pragmatics
description: You must not cause him to weep, and be sad, because of your living in useless poverty.” Who acts: You, son, your. A sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 4, sentence 41

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You must not cause him to weep, and be sad, because of your living in useless poverty.”

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**Who acts:** You, son, your · **What happens:** not cause, weep, be, live · **To what, where:** son, useless poverty

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This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, son, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75089:20:41
# text = You must not cause him to weep, and be sad, because of your living in useless poverty.”
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	weep	weep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
11	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	useless	useless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	poverty	poverty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **cause** | must | You | son |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **weep** | to-infinitive | son *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | because your living in useless poverty; sad *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **live** |  | your |  |  | useless poverty |  |  | nom living «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent in=place |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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