---
title: The wealthy, aristocratic sisters, whose brother, drawn away by the… — Gleanings from Chinese folklore · tree and pragmatics
description: The wealthy, aristocratic sisters, whose brother, drawn away by the skilful efforts of some European gambler, was gradually losing all their property; the ardent Confucian lady teacher, who was using her property for the establishment of a school for girls, and who so longed to bring to Chinese and 
---

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# Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Miss Nellie N. Russell’s Unique Work, sentence 44

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wealthy, aristocratic sisters, whose brother, drawn away by the skilful efforts of some European gambler, was gradually losing all their property; the ardent Confucian lady teacher, who was using her property for the establishment of a school for girls, and who so longed to bring to Chinese and Manchu women the teaching of Confucius to make them forceful in their lives; the high official’s wife, who would learn from her how best to work to banish polygamy; the princess who in Mongolia would establish a school for Mongol girls; or the wives and sisters of high officials who would open schools or work against the evils of the cigarette or of opium.

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**Who acts:** wealthy aristocratic sisters, ardent Confucian lady teacher, wife, princess, high officials · **What happens:** draw away, lose, use, long, bring, make · **To what, where:** brother, property, wife, women, Chinese, sisters · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Miss Nellie N. Russell’s Unique Work. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wealthy aristocratic sisters, ardent Confucian lady teacher, wife, princess), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75089:4:44
# text = The wealthy, aristocratic sisters, whose brother, drawn away by the skilful efforts of some European gambler, was gradually losing all their property; the ardent Confucian lady teacher, who was using her property for the establishment of a school for girls, and who so longed to bring to Chinese and Manchu women the teaching of Confucius to make them forceful in their lives; the high official’s wife, who would learn from her how best to work to banish polygamy; the princess who in Mongolia would establish a school for Mongol girls; or the wives and sisters of high officials who would open schools or work against the evils of the cigarette or of opium.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	wealthy	wealthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	aristocratic	aristocratic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sisters	sister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	drawn	draw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
11	away	away	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	skilful	skilful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	efforts	effort	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	19	det	_	_
18	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	gambler	gambler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
22	gradually	gradually	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
24	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	26	det:predet	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	property	property	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
29	ardent	ardent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
30	Confucian	Confucian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
31	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	36	nsubj	_	_
35	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	32	acl:relcl	_	_
37	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	property	property	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
39	for	for	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	establishment	establishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	_
45	for	for	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	girls	girl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
49	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	51	nsubj	_	_
50	so	so	ADV	RB	_	51	advmod	_	_
51	longed	long	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
52	to	to	PART	TO	_	53	mark	_	_
53	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	51	xcomp	_	_
54	to	to	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	Chinese	Chinese	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	53	obl	_	_
56	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	57	cc	_	_
57	Manchu	Manchu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	55	conj	_	_
58	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	53	obj	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
60	teaching	teaching	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	obj	_	_
61	of	of	ADP	IN	_	62	case	_	_
62	Confucius	Confucius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	60	nmod	_	_
63	to	to	PART	TO	_	64	mark	_	_
64	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	53	advcl	_	_
65	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	64	obj	_	_
66	forceful	forceful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	64	xcomp	_	_
67	in	in	ADP	IN	_	69	case	_	_
68	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	69	nmod:poss	_	_
69	lives	life	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	66	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
70	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	75	punct	_	_
71	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	73	det	_	_
72	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	73	amod	_	_
73	official	official	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	75	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
74	’s	's	PART	POS	_	73	case	_	_
75	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
76	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	79	punct	_	_
77	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	79	nsubj	_	_
78	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	79	aux	_	_
79	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	75	parataxis	_	_
80	from	from	ADP	IN	_	81	case	_	_
81	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	79	obl	_	_
82	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	83	advmod	_	_
83	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	79	ccomp	_	_
84	to	to	PART	TO	_	85	mark	_	_
85	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	83	csubj	_	_
86	to	to	PART	TO	_	87	mark	_	_
87	banish	banish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	85	xcomp	_	_
88	polygamy	polygamy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	87	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
89	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	91	punct	_	_
90	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	91	det	_	_
91	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	75	conj	_	_
92	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	96	nsubj	_	_
93	in	in	ADP	IN	_	94	case	_	_
94	Mongolia	Mongolia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	96	obl	_	_
95	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	96	aux	_	_
96	establish	establish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	91	acl:relcl	_	_
97	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	98	det	_	_
98	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	96	obj	_	_
99	for	for	ADP	IN	_	101	case	_	_
100	Mongol	mongol	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	101	amod	_	_
101	girls	girl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	96	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
102	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	105	punct	_	_
103	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	105	cc	_	_
104	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	105	det	_	_
105	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	96	obl	_	_
106	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	107	cc	_	_
107	sisters	sister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	105	conj	_	_
108	of	of	ADP	IN	_	110	case	_	_
109	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	110	amod	_	_
110	officials	official	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	105	nmod	_	_
111	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	113	nsubj	_	_
112	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	113	aux	_	_
113	open	open	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	110	acl:relcl	_	_
114	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	113	obj	_	_
115	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	116	cc	_	_
116	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	114	conj	_	_
117	against	against	ADP	IN	_	119	case	_	_
118	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	119	det	_	_
119	evils	evil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	116	nmod	_	_
120	of	of	ADP	IN	_	122	case	_	_
121	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	122	det	_	_
122	cigarette	cigarette	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	119	nmod	_	_
123	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	125	cc	_	_
124	of	of	ADP	IN	_	125	case	_	_
125	opium	opium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	122	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
126	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw away** | participle |  | the wealthy aristocratic sisters and the wealthy aristocratic sisters and brother's brother's brother *not said here* |  |  |  | by the skilful efforts of some European gambler; away *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lose** | past · progressive | the wealthy aristocratic sisters and the wealthy aristocratic sisters and the wealthy aristocratic sisters's brother's brother | sisters's property |  |  |  | the ardent Confucian lady teacher *obl*; gradually *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent property=Eventuality |
| 3 | **use** | past · progressive | the ardent Confucian lady teacher | Miss's property |  |  |  | for the establishment of a school for girls | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent property=Theme for establishment=Eventuality |
| 4 | **long** | past |  | the high official's wife and the princess |  |  |  | who *nsubj* | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 5 | **bring** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | women | Chinese and Manchu |  |  | the teaching of Confucius *obj* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent woman=Destination teaching=Theme |
| 6 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | sisters *= sister* |  |  |  | forceful *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product |
| 7 | **learn** | would | the high official's wife and the princess |  |  |  |  | from Miss | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from she=Source |
| 8 | **work** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 9 | **banish** | to-infinitive |  | polygamy |  |  |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent polygamy=Theme |
| 10 | **establish** | would | the princess | a school |  | Mongolia |  | for Mongol girls; the wives of high officials and sisters *obl* | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent school=Patient |
| 11 | **open** | would | high officials | schools or work against the evils of the cigarette or opium |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location school=Theme |
| 12 | **establish** |  |  | a school for girls |  |  |  |  | nom establishment «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 13 | **teach** |  |  | Confucius |  |  |  |  | nom teaching «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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