--- title: He built a beautiful pavilion in his garden, which was rich in flowe… — Gleanings from Chinese folklore · tree and pragmatics description: He built a beautiful pavilion in his garden, which was rich in flowers, trees, shrubs, and ponds, so that the birds loved to gather there; thus he was able to spend many delightful hours in their company listening to their wise and unwise talk. Who acts: sage, garden, birds. A sentence of «Gleanings --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/8/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Gleanings from Chinese folklore](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/) / [The Wild Goose and the Sparrow](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/8/) / 3 # Gleanings from Chinese folklore, The Wild Goose and the Sparrow, sentence 3 He built a beautiful pavilion in his garden, which was rich in flowers, trees, shrubs, and ponds, so that the birds loved to gather there; thus he was able to spend many delightful hours in their company listening to their wise and unwise talk. **Who acts:** sage, garden, birds · **What happens:** build, be, love, gather, spend, listen · **To what, where:** beautiful pavilion, garden, flowers, company This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, The Wild Goose and the Sparrow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sage, garden, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75089:8:3 # text = He built a beautiful pavilion in his garden, which was rich in flowers, trees, shrubs, and ponds, so that the birds loved to gather there; thus he was able to spend many delightful hours in their company listening to their wise and unwise talk. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 built build VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 beautiful beautiful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 pavilion pavilion NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 garden garden NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 11 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 12 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 flowers flower NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 shrubs shrub NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 ponds pond NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 23 so so SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 24 that that SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 27 loved love VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 28 to to PART TO _ 29 mark _ _ 29 gather gather VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 xcomp _ _ 30 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 29 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 31 ; ; PUNCT : _ 35 punct _ _ 32 thus thus ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 33 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 34 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 cop _ _ 35 able able ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 parataxis _ _ 36 to to PART TO _ 37 mark _ _ 37 spend spend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 35 xcomp _ _ 38 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 39 delightful delightful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 hours hour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obj _ _ 41 in in ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 company company NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 44 listening listen VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 37 advcl _ _ 45 to to ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 46 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 50 nmod:poss _ _ 47 wise wise ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 50 amod _ _ 48 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 49 unwise unwise ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 conj _ _ 50 talk talk NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 51 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **build** | past | sage | a beautiful pavilion | | sage's garden | | ponds *obl* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pavilion=Product | | 2 | **is** | past | sage's garden | | | flowers and trees and shrubs | | rich *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **love** | past | the birds | | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **gather** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the birds *not said here* | | | there | | | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **is** | past | sage | | | | | able, thus *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **spend** | to-infinitive | sage *not said here* | | | birds's company | hour | | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **listen** | gerund | sage *not said here* | | | | | to birds's wise talk | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to talk=Theme | | 8 | **talk** | | birds *= bird* | | | | | | nom talk «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/8/2/) - next →: [sentence 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/8/4/) - ↑ back to [The Wild Goose and the Sparrow](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/8/)