---
title: At another time, when fighting with the great Chin Pa, of the Kingdo… — Gleanings from Chinese folklore · tree and pragmatics
description: At another time, when fighting with the great Chin Pa, of the Kingdom of Chin, the latter shut up all but one of the roads over the mountains and awaited Han Hsin in ambuscade in a very narrow place, the only one where it seemed possible for him to get over the mountains. Who acts: it. A sentence of
---

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# Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Hero, sentence 66

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At another time, when fighting with the great Chin Pa, of the Kingdom of Chin, the latter shut up all but one of the roads over the mountains and awaited Han Hsin in ambuscade in a very narrow place, the only one where it seemed possible for him to get over the mountains.

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**Who acts:** it · **What happens:** fight, shut up, await, seem, get · **To what, where:** great Chin Pa, Han Hsin, ambuscade, mountains

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This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75089:9:66
# text = At another time, when fighting with the great Chin Pa, of the Kingdom of Chin, the latter shut up all but one of the roads over the mountains and awaited Han Hsin in ambuscade in a very narrow place, the only one where it seemed possible for him to get over the mountains.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
6	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	Chin	Chin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Pa	Pa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Chin	Chin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	shut	shut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
22	up	up	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	_
23	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	25	nsubj	_	_
24	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	parataxis	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	_
29	over	over	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	awaited	await	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
34	Han	Han	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
35	Hsin	Hsin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
36	in	in	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	ambuscade	ambuscade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
39	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
40	very	very	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
41	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
45	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
46	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	appos	_	_
47	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	49	advmod	_	_
48	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	nsubj	_	_
49	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	46	acl:relcl	_	_
50	possible	possible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	xcomp	_	_
51	for	for	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
52	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	obl	_	_
53	to	to	PART	TO	_	54	mark	_	_
54	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	49	advcl	_	_
55	over	over	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
56	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
57	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	54	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | gerund |  |  |  |  | time | with the great Chin Pa and the Kingdom of Chin | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with pa=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **shut up** | participle |  | the great Chin Pa and the Kingdom of Chin *not said here* |  |  |  | one of the roads over the mountains *parataxis* | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **await** | past |  | Han Hsin |  | ambuscade |  | in a narrow place | tree rules |
| 4 | **seem** | past | it |  |  |  |  | for Hsin; possible *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **get** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the mountains |  |  | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme over mountain=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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