---
title: All these years Han Hsin had remembered how Chin Pa had laughed at h… — Gleanings from Chinese folklore · tree and pragmatics
description: All these years Han Hsin had remembered how Chin Pa had laughed at his small stature, but he was that night to show him that, though small, he was formidable as an enemy. Who acts: Han, small stature. A sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Hero, with its d
---

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# Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Hero, sentence 81

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All these years Han Hsin had remembered how Chin Pa had laughed at his small stature, but he was that night to show him that, though small, he was formidable as an enemy.

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**Who acts:** Han, small stature · **What happens:** remember, laugh, be, show · **To what, where:** Chin Pa, night, that, Han

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This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Han, small stature), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75089:9:81
# text = All these years Han Hsin had remembered how Chin Pa had laughed at his small stature, but he was that night to show him that, though small, he was formidable as an enemy.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
4	Han	Han	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	Hsin	Hsin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	remembered	remember	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
9	Chin	Chin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Pa	Pa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	parataxis	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
15	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	stature	stature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	22	det	_	_
22	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
25	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	iobj	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
28	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
29	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
32	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
33	formidable	formidable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	_
34	as	as	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remember** | past · perfect | Han |  |  |  | year |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **laugh** | past · perfect · passive | Han's small stature | Chin Pa |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | past | Han | that night |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **show** | to-infinitive | Han *not said here* | that | Han |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient that=Topic |
| 5 | **is** | past | Han |  |  |  |  | as a enemy; formidable *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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