---
title: Then said the Duke, "Surely it cannot but be that the King's heart w… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said the Duke, "Surely it cannot but be that the King's heart will be softened when he shall hear how nobly Reynaud has borne himself in this matter." " Who acts: Duke, Reynaud. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of What Befell At Montal
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of What Befell At Montalban, sentence 37

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Then said the Duke, "Surely it cannot but be that the King's heart will be softened when he shall hear how nobly Reynaud has borne himself in this matter." "

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**Who acts:** Duke, Reynaud · **What happens:** say, soften, hear, bear · **To what, where:** heart, Reynaud, matter · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of What Befell At Montalban. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke, Reynaud), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:11:37
# text = Then said the Duke, "Surely it cannot but be that the King's heart will be softened when he shall hear how nobly Reynaud has borne himself in this matter." "
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux:pass	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	's	's	PART	POS	_	15	case	_	_
17	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	softened	soften	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
21	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	24	mark	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
25	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	29	advmod	_	_
26	nobly	nobly	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
27	Reynaud	Reynaud	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
28	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	borne	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	advcl	_	_
30	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	29	obj	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	33	det	_	_
33	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
36	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Duke |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **soften** *in a quote* | can · future · passive |  | the King's heart |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **hear** *in a quote* | shall | Duke |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **bear** *in a quote* | present · perfect | Reynaud | Reynaud |  | this matter |  | nobly *property* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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