---
title: When the Duke Naymes perceived this, he said, "Sire, what mean you t… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: When the Duke Naymes perceived this, he said, "Sire, what mean you to do? Who acts: Duke Naymes, Naymes. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Peace Was Made, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Peace Was Made, sentence 25

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When the Duke Naymes perceived this, he said, "Sire, what mean you to do?

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**Who acts:** Duke Naymes, Naymes · **What happens:** perceive, say, mean, do · **To what, where:** this, Sire · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Peace Was Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke Naymes, Naymes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:12:25
# text = When the Duke Naymes perceived this, he said, "Sire, what mean you to do?
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Naymes	Naymes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
6	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Sire	sire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	15	obj	_	_
15	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perceive** | past | the Duke Naymes | this |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | Naymes |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **mean** *in a quote* | present |  | Sire |  |  |  | what *obj*; you *obj* | tree rules |
| 4 | **do** *not said to happen, in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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