---
title: This thing was the cause of no small damage; for Reynaud and his bro… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: This thing was the cause of no small damage; for Reynaud and his brothers and the knights that were of his side turned upon them that followed and slew many, and took prisoner Richard, Duke of Normandy. Who acts: thing, knights, Reynaud, that. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Pee
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Peace Was Made, sentence 47

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This thing was the cause of no small damage; for Reynaud and his brothers and the knights that were of his side turned upon them that followed and slew many, and took prisoner Richard, Duke of Normandy.

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**Who acts:** thing, knights, Reynaud, that · **What happens:** be, turn, follow, slay, take · **To what, where:** cause, many, prisoner Richard

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Peace Was Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing, knights, Reynaud, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:12:47
# text = This thing was the cause of no small damage; for Reynaud and his brothers and the knights that were of his side turned upon them that followed and slew many, and took prisoner Richard, Duke of Normandy.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Reynaud	Reynaud	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	brothers	brother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	knights	knight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
20	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	acl:relcl	_	_
24	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
25	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	_
27	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
28	followed	follow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	parataxis	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	slew	slay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	_
31	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
35	prisoner	prisoner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	Richard	Richard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
38	Duke	Duke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	Normandy	Normandy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | this thing | the cause |  |  |  | of no small damage | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | the knights |  |  |  |  | of King's side; King *nmod:poss* | tree rules |
| 3 | **turn** | past | Reynaud and King's brothers |  |  |  |  | upon things *= thing*; the knights *nsubj* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme upon they=Trajectory |
| 4 | **follow** | past | that |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **slay** | past | that *not said here* | many |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent many=Patient |
| 6 | **take** | past | Reynaud and King's brothers *not said here* |  | prisoner Richard and Duke of Normandy |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument richard=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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