---
title: So the King laid siege against the city, and brought up great engine… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: So the King laid siege against the city, and brought up great engines of war against it, expecting that Reynaud would deliver it into his hands, for he thought that by this time his strength must be well-nigh spent. Who acts: King, Reynaud. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers 
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Peace Was Made, sentence 54

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So the King laid siege against the city, and brought up great engines of war against it, expecting that Reynaud would deliver it into his hands, for he thought that by this time his strength must be well-nigh spent.

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**Who acts:** King, Reynaud · **What happens:** lay, bring up, expect, deliver, think, spend · **To what, where:** siege, city, great engines, hands, strength · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Peace Was Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, Reynaud), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:12:54
# text = So the King laid siege against the city, and brought up great engines of war against it, expecting that Reynaud would deliver it into his hands, for he thought that by this time his strength must be well-nigh spent.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	siege	siege	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	against	against	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	engines	engine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	against	against	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	expecting	expect	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	Reynaud	Reynaud	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
23	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	deliver	deliver	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	ccomp	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	into	into	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
33	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	44	mark	_	_
34	by	by	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	36	det	_	_
36	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	_
37	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nsubj	_	_
39	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	44	aux	_	_
40	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	44	aux:pass	_	_
41	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	44	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	41	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	nigh	nigh	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
44	spent	spend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past | the King | siege |  | the city |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent siege=Theme against city=Destination |
| 2 | **bring up** | past | the King *not said here* | great engines of war against war |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent engine=Patient |
| 3 | **expect** | gerund | the King *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **deliver** | would | Reynaud | siege |  | King's hands |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 5 | **think** *speech: other* | past | King |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 6 | **spend** | must · passive |  | King's strength |  |  | time | nigh, well *property* | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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