--- title: When the Duke perceived that the men had hold of him, having one of… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics description: When the Duke perceived that the men had hold of him, having one of the chess pieces in his hand, to wit, the Queen, with which he was about to give mate to Yonnet, he drew back his arm and gave one of the men such a buffet on the head as killed him outright. Who acts: Duke, men, one, buffet. A sent --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/12/83/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [How Peace Was Made](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/12/) / 83 # Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Peace Was Made, sentence 83 When the Duke perceived that the men had hold of him, having one of the chess pieces in his hand, to wit, the Queen, with which he was about to give mate to Yonnet, he drew back his arm and gave one of the men such a buffet on the head as killed him outright. **Who acts:** Duke, men, one, buffet · **What happens:** perceive, have, wit, be, give, draw back · **To what, where:** hold, one, Queen, mate, Yonnet, arm This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Peace Was Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duke, men, one, buffet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg75339:12:83 # text = When the Duke perceived that the men had hold of him, having one of the chess pieces in his hand, to wit, the Queen, with which he was about to give mate to Yonnet, he drew back his arm and gave one of the men such a buffet on the head as killed him outright. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 4 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 Duke Duke PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 perceived perceive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 advcl _ _ 5 that that SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 8 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 9 hold hold NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 having have VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 14 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 obj _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 chess chess NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 pieces piece NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nmod _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 wit wit VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 Queen Queen PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 29 with with ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 33 obl _ _ 31 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 32 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 cop _ _ 33 about about ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 parataxis _ _ 34 to to PART TO _ 35 mark _ _ 35 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 xcomp _ _ 36 mate mate NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obj _ _ 37 to to ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 Yonnet Yonnet PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 40 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 41 drew draw VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 42 back back ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 43 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ _ 44 arm arm NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obj _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 46 gave give VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 conj _ _ 47 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 46 obj _ _ 48 of of ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 nmod _ _ 51 such such DET PDT PronType=Ind 53 det:predet _ _ 52 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 buffet buffet NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 nsubj _ _ 54 on on ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 55 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 56 det _ _ 56 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 nmod _ _ 57 as as ADV RB _ 58 advmod _ _ 58 killed kill VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 50 acl:relcl _ _ 59 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 58 obj _ _ 60 outright outright ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 58 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 61 . . PUNCT . _ 41 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **perceive** | past | the Duke | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 2 | **have** | past | the men | hold of Duke | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Patient | | 3 | **have** | gerund | the Duke *not said here* | one of the chess pieces in Duke's hand | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **wit** | to-infinitive | one of the chess pieces in Duke's hand *not said here* | the Queen | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **is** | past | Duke | | | | | which *obl*; about *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **give** | to-infinitive | Duke *not said here* | mate | Yonnet | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent mate=Theme to yonnet=Recipient | | 7 | **draw back** | past | Duke | Duke's arm | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Theme | | 8 | **give** | past | Duke *not said here* | one of the men | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme | | 9 | **kill** | past | such buffet on the head | Duke | | | | outright *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 10 | **hold** | | | Duke | | | | | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 82](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/12/82/) - next →: [sentence 84](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/12/84/) - ↑ back to [How Peace Was Made](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/12/)