---
title: Then said Alard, "We may not hide from you that your wife, the Lady… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said Alard, "We may not hide from you that your wife, the Lady Clare, is dead. Who acts: Alard, We, wife. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Reynaud's End, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Reynaud's End, sentence 10

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Then said Alard, "We may not hide from you that your wife, the Lady Clare, is dead.

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**Who acts:** Alard, We, wife · **What happens:** say, not hide, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Reynaud's End. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alard, We, wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:13:10
# text = Then said Alard, "We may not hide from you that your wife, the Lady Clare, is dead.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Alard	Alard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
13	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Lady	Lady	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	Clare	Clare	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Alard |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **hide** *in a quote* | may | We |  |  |  |  | from you | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent from you=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | your wife |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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