---
title: When he saw that they were each instructed in arms and in all other… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: When he saw that they were each instructed in arms and in all other things that a good knight should know, he bade his steward furnish them with goodly clothing and arms and all other things needful. Who acts: Montalban, good knight, steward. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peer
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Reynaud's End, sentence 21

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When he saw that they were each instructed in arms and in all other things that a good knight should know, he bade his steward furnish them with goodly clothing and arms and all other things needful.

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**Who acts:** Montalban, good knight, steward · **What happens:** see, instruct, know, bade, furnish · **To what, where:** sons, arms, other things · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Reynaud's End. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Montalban, good knight, steward), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:13:21
# text = When he saw that they were each instructed in arms and in all other things that a good knight should know, he bade his steward furnish them with goodly clothing and arms and all other things needful.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	advcl	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	instructed	instruct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
14	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	obj	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	bade	bade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	steward	steward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	furnish	furnish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	ccomp	_	_
28	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	with	with	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	goodly	goodly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	clothing	clothing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	conj	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
35	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	37	det	_	_
36	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	conj	_	_
38	needful	needful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Montalban |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **instruct** *speech: other* | past · passive |  | sons *= son* |  | arms and all other things |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 3 | **know** | should | a good knight | all other things |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |
| 4 | **bade** | past | Montalban |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **furnish** | infinitive | Montalban's steward | sons *= son* |  |  |  | with goodly clothing and arms and all other things | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent they=Recipient with clothing=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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