---
title: I am in sore need of a friend," said the King; "for both my horse an… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: I am in sore need of a friend," said the King; "for both my horse and I are ready to perish, the storm is so fierce. Who acts: I, King, storm. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Entertained the King, with its dependency tree and the
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/14/11/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/) / [How Ralph Entertained the King](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/14/) / 11

# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Entertained the King, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I am in sore need of a friend," said the King; "for both my horse and I are ready to perish, the storm is so fierce.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, King, storm · **What happens:** be, say, perish · **To what, where:** sore need · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Entertained the King. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, King, storm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:14:11
# text = I am in sore need of a friend," said the King; "for both my horse and I are ready to perish, the storm is so fierce.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	need	need	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	ccomp	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	both	both	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	19	det:predet	_	_
18	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	parataxis	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	perish	perish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
30	so	so	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	fierce	fierce	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | I |  |  | sore need |  | of a friend | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | the King |  |  |  |  | my horse *parataxis* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **perish** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **is** | present | the storm |  |  |  |  | fierce *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/14/10/)
- next →: [sentence 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/14/12/)
- ↑ back to [How Ralph Entertained the King](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/14/)