---
title: Shelter!" said Ralph, "I know of none, save in my own cottage, and t… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Shelter!" said Ralph, "I know of none, save in my own cottage, and that is far hence in the forest. Who acts: Shelter, I, that. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Entertained the King, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Entertained the King, sentence 13

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Shelter!" said Ralph, "I know of none, save in my own cottage, and that is far hence in the forest.

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**Who acts:** Shelter, I, that · **What happens:** say, know, save, be · **To what, where:** own cottage, forest · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Entertained the King. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shelter, I, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:14:13
# text = Shelter!" said Ralph, "I know of none, save in my own cottage, and that is far hence in the forest.
1	Shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Ralph	Ralph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	save	save	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	26	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
22	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	23	advmod	_	_
23	hence	hence	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | Shelter |  |  |  |  | Ralph *nsubj* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **know** | present | I |  |  |  |  | of none | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of none=Stimulus |
| 3 | **save** | infinitive |  |  |  | my own cottage |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | that |  |  | the forest |  | hence *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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