---
title: Never have I suffered worse weather or been so near to losing my way… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Never have I suffered worse weather or been so near to losing my way as when I met with this stranger here." Who acts: I. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Entertained the King, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every 
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Entertained the King, sentence 32

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Never have I suffered worse weather or been so near to losing my way as when I met with this stranger here."

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** not have, suffer, be, lose, meet · **To what, where:** worse weather, way

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Entertained the King. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:14:32
# text = Never have I suffered worse weather or been so near to losing my way as when I met with this stranger here."
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	suffered	suffer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	near	near	ADV	RB	_	6	conj	_	_
11	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
13	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	as	as	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
16	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	met	meet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	det	_	_
21	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **suffer** | past | I | worse weather |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer weather=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | participle | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | near *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **lose** | gerund | I *not said here* | my way |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Eventuality |
| 5 | **meet** | past | I |  |  | here |  | with this stranger | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with stranger=Co-Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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