---
title: Said the churl to the King, "Sir, the foresters in this place threat… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Said the churl to the King, "Sir, the foresters in this place threaten me much about the deer. Who acts: churl, foresters. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Entertained the King, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Entertained the King, sentence 46

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Said the churl to the King, "Sir, the foresters in this place threaten me much about the deer.

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**Who acts:** churl, foresters · **What happens:** say, threaten · **To what, where:** King, Sir · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Entertained the King. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (churl, foresters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:14:46
# text = Said the churl to the King, "Sir, the foresters in this place threaten me much about the deer.
1	Said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	churl	churl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Sir	Sir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	foresters	forester	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	det	_	_
15	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	threaten	threaten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
17	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	much	much	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
19	about	about	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the churl |  | the King |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to king=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **threaten** *in a quote* | infinitive | the foresters in this place | Sir |  |  |  | about the deer; me *obj* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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