---
title: The next day as soon as it was light, the King rose from the bed and… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: The next day as soon as it was light, the King rose from the bed and dressed himself without help, for, indeed, he had neither valet nor squire. Who acts: courtesy, King. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Entertained the King, with
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Entertained the King, sentence 68

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The next day as soon as it was light, the King rose from the bed and dressed himself without help, for, indeed, he had neither valet nor squire.

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**Who acts:** courtesy, King · **What happens:** be, rise, dress, have · **To what, where:** bed, King, valet

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Entertained the King. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (courtesy, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:14:68
# text = The next day as soon as it was light, the King rose from the bed and dressed himself without help, for, indeed, he had neither valet nor squire.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	as	as	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	light	light	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	dressed	dress	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
19	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	18	obj	_	_
20	without	without	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
25	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
29	neither	neither	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	30	det	_	_
30	valet	valet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	32	cc	_	_
32	squire	squire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | courtesy |  |  |  |  | light *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **rise** | past | the King |  |  | the bed | day |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from bed=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **dress** | past | the King *not said here* | King |  |  |  | without help; indeed *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient |
| 4 | **have** | past | King | neither valet nor squire |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent valet=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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