---
title: This is a jest, Sir Knight, and it is ill courtesy for a knight to j… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: This is a jest, Sir Knight, and it is ill courtesy for a knight to jest with a common man. Who acts: This, journey. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Went to Court, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Went to Court, sentence 16

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This is a jest, Sir Knight, and it is ill courtesy for a knight to jest with a common man.

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**Who acts:** This, journey · **What happens:** be, jest · **To what, where:** jest, ill courtesy

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Went to Court. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, journey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:15:16
# text = This is a jest, Sir Knight, and it is ill courtesy for a knight to jest with a common man.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	jest	jest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	Sir	Sir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:desc	_	_
7	Knight	Knight	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	courtesy	courtesy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	jest	jest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | a jest and ill courtesy |  |  |  | Knight  Sir *appos* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | journey | ill courtesy |  |  |  | for a knight | tree rules |
| 3 | **jest** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | This *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with a common man | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with man=Co-Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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