---
title: Keep from the Court, say I." "Nay, Gill," said the Charcoal-burner,… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Keep from the Court, say I." "Nay, Gill," said the Charcoal-burner, "I must have my way. Who acts: you, Gill, I. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Went to Court, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Ralph Went to Court, sentence 4

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Keep from the Court, say I." "Nay, Gill," said the Charcoal-burner, "I must have my way.

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**Who acts:** you, Gill, I · **What happens:** keep, say, have · **To what, where:** Court, I., Charcoal burner, way · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Ralph Went to Court. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Gill, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:15:4
# text = Keep from the Court, say I." "Nay, Gill," said the Charcoal-burner, "I must have my way.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
7	I.	I.	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	1	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Gill	Gill	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	Charcoal	charcoal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	burner	burner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
25	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the Court |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive |  | I. |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent i.=Topic |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | Gill | the Charcoal burner |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent burner=Topic |
| 4 | **have** | must | I | my way |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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