---
title: Then Ganelon, who was afterwards the traitor, rose up in his place a… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Ganelon, who was afterwards the traitor, rose up in his place and said, "Sir, this is against the custom of France that you should deny Oliver his request." Who acts: Ganelon, Sir, this, that. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Fiera
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Fierabras Defied King Charles, sentence 64

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Then Ganelon, who was afterwards the traitor, rose up in his place and said, "Sir, this is against the custom of France that you should deny Oliver his request."

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**Who acts:** Ganelon, Sir, this, that · **What happens:** be, rise up, say, deny, request · **To what, where:** traitor, place, Oliver · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Fierabras Defied King Charles. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ganelon, Sir, this, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:16:64
# text = Then Ganelon, who was afterwards the traitor, rose up in his place and said, "Sir, this is against the custom of France that you should deny Oliver his request."
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
2	Ganelon	Ganelon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	afterwards	afterwards	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	traitor	traitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
10	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	Sir	Sir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	25	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
23	against	against	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	custom	custom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
29	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
30	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	deny	deny	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	parataxis	_	_
32	Oliver	Oliver	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	request	request	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Ganelon | the traitor |  |  |  | afterwards *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **rise up** | past | Ganelon |  |  | Ganelon's place | then |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in place=Location |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Sir |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | this |  |  |  |  | against the custom; of France | tree rules |
| 5 | **deny** *in a quote* | should | that | Oliver |  |  |  | you *nsubj*; Ganelon's request *obj* | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent oliver=Theme request=Eventuality |
| 6 | **request** *in a quote* |  | Ganelon |  |  |  |  |  | nom request «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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