---
title: Then Oliver stood up and spake with a loud voice, "Sir King and all… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Oliver stood up and spake with a loud voice, "Sir King and all you lords of France, if I have offended any man in word or deed, I pray him to forgive me." Who acts: Oliver, you. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Fierabras Defied Kin
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Fierabras Defied King Charles, sentence 74

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Then Oliver stood up and spake with a loud voice, "Sir King and all you lords of France, if I have offended any man in word or deed, I pray him to forgive me."

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**Who acts:** Oliver, you · **What happens:** stand up, speak, lord, offend, pray, forgive · **To what, where:** Sir King, man, word, King, Oliver · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Fierabras Defied King Charles. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oliver, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:16:74
# text = Then Oliver stood up and spake with a loud voice, "Sir King and all you lords of France, if I have offended any man in word or deed, I pray him to forgive me."
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Oliver	Oliver	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	spake	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Sir	Sir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
17	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	lords	lord	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
23	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	offended	offend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
26	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	27	det	_	_
27	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	deed	deed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
35	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	_
36	to	to	PART	TO	_	37	mark	_	_
37	forgive	forgive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	advcl	_	_
38	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	37	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand up** | past | Oliver |  |  |  | then |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive | Oliver *not said here* | Sir King and all lords |  |  |  | with a loud voice | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with voice=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **lord** *in a quote* |  | you |  |  |  |  | of France | tree rules |
| 4 | **offend** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present · perfect | Oliver | any man or deed |  | word |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus man=Experiencer |
| 5 | **pray** *in a quote* | present | Oliver | King |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **forgive** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | Oliver *not said here* | Oliver |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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