---
title: Then did these two champions lay their spears in rest and make ready… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then did these two champions lay their spears in rest and make ready to charge. Who acts: two champions. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras, sentence 19

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Then did these two champions lay their spears in rest and make ready to charge.

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**Who acts:** two champions · **What happens:** lay, make, charge · **To what, where:** spears, rest

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two champions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:17:19
# text = Then did these two champions lay their spears in rest and make ready to charge.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	champions	champion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	spears	spear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
13	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	charge	charge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past · do-support | this two champions | champions's spears |  | rest | then |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent spear=Theme in rest=Destination |
| 2 | **make** | infinitive | this two champions *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **charge** | to-infinitive | this two champions *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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