---
title: On his shield he had the image of his god, Apollyon to wit, to whom… — Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of F… · tree and pragmatics
description: On his shield he had the image of his god, Apollyon to wit, to whom when he had commended himself, he yet once again besought Oliver to depart. Who acts: more. A sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras, with its depe
---

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# Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras, sentence 9

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On his shield he had the image of his god, Apollyon to wit, to whom when he had commended himself, he yet once again besought Oliver to depart.

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**Who acts:** more · **What happens:** have, wit, commend, beseech, depart, image · **To what, where:** image, shield, more, Oliver, god

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This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (more), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg75339:17:9
# text = On his shield he had the image of his god, Apollyon to wit, to whom when he had commended himself, he yet once again besought Oliver to depart.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	shield	shield	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	god	god	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Apollyon	Apollyon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	wit	wit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	21	obl	_	_
18	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	21	advmod	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	commended	commend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
22	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
25	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
26	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	27	advmod	_	_
27	again	again	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	besought	beseech	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
29	Oliver	Oliver	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	depart	depart	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | more | the image of more's god |  | more's shield |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent image=Patient |
| 2 | **wit** | to-infinitive | more *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **commend** | past · perfect | more | more |  |  |  | whom *obl* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme |
| 4 | **beseech** | past | more | Oliver |  |  | yet; again |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **depart** | to-infinitive | more *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **image** |  |  | more's god |  |  |  |  | nom image «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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